Association of type 2 diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension in congolese subjects at the University hospital center of Brazzaville

Abstract

Objective: To study Special features of association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension at the University Teaching Hospital of Brazzaville.

Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in Department of Metabolic and Endocrine Diseases at the University Teaching Hospital of Brazzaville. among patients with type 2 diabetes who were screened for hypertension.

Results: The study included 116 patients with a median age of 50 years [36–86], with a clear predominance of females (57.8%). The mean duration of diabetes was 8.03 ± 2.95 years. The mean HbA1c was 8.25 ± 1.21%. Hypertension was present in 55.2% of cases, with a mean duration of 9.17 ± 3.5 years. It was treated with dual antihypertensive therapy in 70.3% of cases. Hypertension was uncontrolled in 57.8% of cases.

Patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension had, in a statistically significant manner, poor glycemic control (OR = 2.7; 95% CI [1.2–5.8]), microvascular complications (OR = 4.49; 95% CI [2.9–15.2]), macrovascular complications (OR = 2.54; 95% CI [1.2–5.6]), and metabolic syndrome (OR = 3.7; 95% CI [1.7–8.2]).

Conclusion: Coexistence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension is common and is associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity in our setting. A comprehensive and tailored management strategy for this combination of conditions is essential for improving patient outcomes.